Can you keep your Brazil citizenship when you become a U.S. citizen?
Allowed
Yes, in general
Brazilian citizens who become U.S. citizens keep their Brazilian citizenship, as Brazil does not restrict dual nationality.
What the law says
- Since October 2023, Brazil does not impose any restriction on dual nationality.
- A 2023 constitutional amendment eliminated the possibility of losing Brazilian nationality due to acquiring another nationality.
- Brazilian nationality may be lost only if naturalization is canceled by court for fraud or acts against the constitutional order, or if a person explicitly requests loss before a Brazilian authority (provided it would not make them stateless).
- Since May 2016, Brazil does not require naturalized citizens to renounce their previous nationality.
- People who lost Brazilian nationality under the previous constitutional provision may request reacquisition.
“In 2023, another constitutional amendment eliminated the possibility of loss of Brazilian nationality due to acquisition of another nationality.”
What about the U.S. side?
The United States allows dual citizenship. At the oath ceremony you promise to renounce allegiance to other countries, but U.S. law does not make you formally give up your other passport. The question is only whether Brazil lets you keep yours.
Source: Brazilian nationality law (Wikipedia, summarized on 2026-11-11). Laws change — confirm with the Brazil embassy or consulate before your oath ceremony. This is not legal advice.
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