Can you keep your Estonia citizenship when you become a U.S. citizen?
Allowed with conditions
Only in some cases
Estonian citizens who voluntarily acquire U.S. citizenship generally lose Estonian citizenship by law, but citizenship by descent is inalienable and cannot be involuntarily revoked.
What the law says
- Estonian citizenship is forfeited by law upon voluntary acquisition of a foreign citizenship.
- Multiple nationality is legally not permitted.
- In practice, birthright citizens can hold multiple nationalities, while naturalised citizens cannot.
- According to Article 8 of the Constitution, Estonian nationality by descent is inalienable and cannot be involuntarily revoked.
“Estonian citizenship is forfeited by law upon voluntary acquisition of a foreign citizenship”
What about the U.S. side?
The United States allows dual citizenship. At the oath ceremony you promise to renounce allegiance to other countries, but U.S. law does not make you formally give up your other passport. The question is only whether Estonia lets you keep yours.
Source: Estonian nationality law (Wikipedia, summarized on 2026-11-11). Laws change — confirm with the Estonia embassy or consulate before your oath ceremony. This is not legal advice.
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